Kamailio is a SIP server which does not play any role by itself in media transmission path. this behaviour leads to media packets having to attempt to stream peer to peer between caller and callee which in turn many a times causes them to get dropped in absence of NAT management
To ensure that media stream is proxied via an RTP proxy kamailio can use RTP proxy module combined with a RTP proxy.
This setup also provides other benefits such as controlling media media , security , Load balancing between many rtp proxies ,bridge signalling between multiple network interfaces etc.
RTP Proxy module
Used to proxy the media stream .
RTP proxies that can be used along with this module are:
- Sippy RTPproxy http://www.rtpproxy.org
- ngcp-rtpproxy-ng http://deb.sipwise.com/spce/2.6/pool/main/n/ngcp-mediaproxy-ng.
RTP proxies can be used for bridging network interfaces , load distribution and balancing etc.It does not support transcoding.
Parameters :
rtpproxy_sock – binds a ip and port for rtp proxy
modparam("rtpproxy", "rtpproxy_sock", "udp:localhost:12221")
rtpproxy_disable_tout – when rtp proxy is disabled then timeout till when it doesnt connect
rtpproxy_tout – timeout to wait for reply
rtpproxy_retr – num of retries after timeout
nortpproxy_str – sets the SDP attribute used by rtpproxy to mark the message’s SDP attachment with information that it have already been changed. Default value is
“a=nortpproxy:yes\r\n”
and others like
“a=sdpmangled:yes\r\n”
timeout_socket (string)
ice_candidate_priority_avp (string)
extra_id_pv (string)
db_url (string)
table_name (string)
rtp_inst_pvar (string)
Functions
set_rtp_proxy_set(setid) – Sets the Id of the rtpproxy set to be used for the next unforce_rtp_proxy(), rtpproxy_offer(), rtpproxy_answer() or rtpproxy_manage() command
rtpproxy_offer([flags [, ip_address]]) – to make the media pass through RTP the SDP is altered. Value of flag can be
1 – append first Via branch to Call-ID when sending command to rtpproxy.
2 – append second Via branch to Call-ID when sending command to rtpproxy. See flag ‘1’ for its meaning.
3 – behave like flag 1 is set for a request and like flag 2 is set for a reply
a – flags that UA from which message is received doesn’t support symmetric RTP. (automatically sets the ‘r’ flag)
b – append branch specific variable to Call-ID when sending command to rtpproxy
l – force “lookup”, that is, only rewrite SDP when corresponding session already exists in the RTP proxy
i, e – direction of the SIP message when rtpproxy is running in bridge mode. ‘i’ is internal network (LAN), ‘e’ is external network (WAN). Values ie , ei , ee and ii
x – shortcut for using the “ie” or “ei”-flags, to do automatic bridging between IPv4 on the “internal network” and IPv6 on the “external network”. Differentiated by IP type in the SDP, e.g. a IPv4 Address will always call “ie” to the RTPProxy (IPv4(i) to IPv6(e)) and an IPv6Address will always call “ei” to the RTPProxy (IPv6(e) to IPv4(i))
f – instructs rtpproxy to ignore marks inserted by another rtpproxy in transit to indicate that the session is already gone through another proxy. Allows creating a chain of proxies
r – IP address in SDP should be trusted. Without this flag, rtpproxy ignores address in the SDP and uses source address of the SIP message as media address which is passed to the RTP proxy
o – flags that IP from the origin description (o=) should be also changed.
c – flags to change the session-level SDP connection (c=) IP if media-description also includes connection information.
w – flags that for the UA from which message is received, support symmetric RTP must be forced.
zNN – perform re-packetization of RTP traffic coming from the UA which has sent the current message to increase or decrease payload size per each RTP packet forwarded if possible. The NN is the target payload size in ms, for the most codecs its value should be in 10ms increments, however for some codecs the increment could differ (e.g. 30ms for GSM or 20ms for G.723).
ip_address denotes the address of new SDP
such as : rtpproxy_offer(“FRWOC+PS”) is
rtpengine_offer(“force trust-address symmetric replace-origin replace-session-connection ICE=force RTP/SAVPF”);
route {
...
if (is_method("INVITE"))
{
if (has_body("application/sdp"))
{
if (rtpproxy_offer()) t_on_reply("1");
} else {
t_on_reply("2");
}
}
if (is_method("ACK") && has_body("application/sdp")) rtpproxy_answer();
...
}
onreply_route[1] {
if (has_body("application/sdp")) rtpproxy_answer();
}
onreply_route[2] {
if (has_body("application/sdp")) rtpproxy_offer();
}
rtpproxy_answer([flags [, ip_address]])- rewrite SDP to proxy media , it can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, ONREPLY_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE.
rtpproxy_destroy([flags]) – tears down RTP proxy session for current call. Flags are ,
1 – append first Via branch to Call-ID
2 – append second Via branch to Call-ID
b – append branch specific variable to Call-ID
t – do not include To tag to “delete” command to rtpproxy thus causing full call to be deleted
unforce_rtp_proxy()
rtpproxy_manage([flags [, ip_address]]) – Functionality is to use predfined logic for handling requests
If INVITE with SDP, then do rtpproxy_offer()
If INVITE with SDP, when the tm module is loaded, mark transaction with internal flag FL_SDP_BODY to know that the 1xx and 2xx are for rtpproxy_answer()
If ACK with SDP, then do rtpproxy_answer()
If BYE or CANCEL, or called within a FAILURE_ROUTE[], then call unforce_rtpproxy().
If reply to INVITE with code >= 300 do unforce_rtpproxy()
If reply with SDP to INVITE having code 1xx and 2xx, then do rtpproxy_answer() if the request had SDP or tm is not loaded, otherwise do rtpproxy_offer()
This function can be used from ANY_ROUTE.
rtpproxy_stream2uac(prompt_name, count) – stream prompt/announcement pre-encoded with the makeann command. The uac/uas suffix selects who will hear the announcement relatively to the current transaction – UAC or UAS. Also used for music on hold (MOH).
Params : prompt_name – path name of the prompt to stream
count – number of times the prompt should be repeated. When count is -1, the streaming will be in loop indefinitely until the appropriate rtpproxy_stop_stream2xxx is issued.
Example rtpproxy_stream2xxx usage
if (is_method("INVITE")) {
rtpproxy_offer();
if (is_audio_on_hold()) {
rtpproxy_stream2uas("/var/rtpproxy/prompts/music_on_hold", "-1");
} else {
rtpproxy_stop_stream2uas();
};
};
rtpproxy_stream2uas(prompt_name, count)
rtpproxy_stop_stream2uac()- Stop streaming of announcement/prompt/MOH
rtpproxy_stop_stream2uas()
start_recording()
Exported Pseudo Variables
$rtpstat
RPC Commands
rtpproxy.enable
rtpproxy.list
Ref : https://kamailio.org/docs/modules/5.3.x/modules/rtpproxy.html
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